Enhancing Interstate Consistency in Violation Responses

Overview

CEPP is partnering with the Interstate Commission for Adult Offender Supervision (ICAOS) to strengthen how states respond to supervision violations that occur in cases that have been transferred under the Interstate Compact. This work focuses on developing a clear, evidence-informed violation response framework that guides decision-making when violations occur in a receiving state—particularly in determining when people should be returned to the sending state.

Through this initiative, CEPP is helping ICAOS enhance fairness, consistency, and transparency in interstate supervision practices—ensuring that state partners can make informed decisions that balance accountability, public safety, and opportunities for rehabilitation.

Our Approach

CEPP experts Richard Stroker and Cynthia Mausser are providing technical assistance to the ICAOS Risk–Need–Responsivity (RNR) Workgroup, which is leading this national reform effort. Working collaboratively with the workgroup, CEPP is:

• Developing and refining a violation response framework that helps receiving states determine appropriate responses to noncompliant behaviors
• Advising on potential rule changes to the Interstate Compact that align with the new framework
• Presenting information regarding the response framework that was developed by the workgroup at ICAOS’s Annual Business Meeting in San Juan, Puerto Rico, to share progress and gather field feedback
• Supporting data and technology enhancements, including recommendations for data measures and modifications to ICAOS’s information-sharing system to support effective implementation

Following pilot testing in selected jurisdictions, CEPP will participate in a final in-person meeting to review lessons learned, refine the response framework, and prepare for broader implementation nationwide.

The Impact

This project represents a significant step forward in improving how states manage supervision violations across jurisdictions. The resulting violation response framework will:

• Promote consistent, fair, and evidence-based responses to violations
• Reduce unnecessary returns and improve decision-making transparency between sending and receiving states
• Strengthen interstate collaboration and data sharing among Compact members
• Provide clear guidance and accountability tools that enhance both public safety and rehabilitation outcomes

ICAOS has implemented a pilot project during which multiple jurisdictions are utilizing the violation response framework. CEPP will continue to assist ICAOS as feedback is received from this pilot project. This effort will serve as a national model for structured, research-informed, and equitable decision-making in interstate community supervision.